Question:
Consider the following statements:
(1) No Viceroy in modern times has been subjected to a fiercer criticism than Lytton P.Ε. Roberts.
(2) In the year 1907, D.K. Karve founded Indian Women’s University in Mumbai.
(3) The South Indian Liberal Federation later came to be known as the Justice Party.
(4) Vipin Chandra Pal founded the United Indian Patriotic Association’.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (1) and (3) only
(B) (2) and (3) only
(C) (3) and (4) only
(D) (1) and (4) only
Answer : (A) (1) and (3) only
Analysis of the Statements
Here is a breakdown of the historical accuracy of each statement:
- (1) Criticism of Viceroy Lytton by P.Ε. Roberts.
- Correct 👍. This is a factual statement. The historian P.E. Roberts, in his work on the history of British India, made this observation about Lord Lytton (Viceroy from 1876-1880). Lytton’s administration was extremely unpopular due to policies like the disastrous handling of the Great Famine and the repressive Vernacular Press Act.
- (2) D.K. Karve founding the Indian Women’s University.
- Incorrect. While D.K. Karve was the visionary founder of the first women’s university in India (now SNDT Women’s University), he established it in Pune in the year 1916, not in Mumbai in 1907. The university’s headquarters later shifted to Mumbai.
- (3) The South Indian Liberal Federation and the Justice Party.
- Correct 👍. The South Indian Liberal Federation was the official name of the political organization founded in 1916 to advocate for the rights of non-Brahmins in the Madras Presidency. It became popularly known as the Justice Party, after its English-language newspaper, Justice.
- (4) Founder of the United Indian Patriotic Association.
- Incorrect. The United Indian Patriotic Association was founded in 1888 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, not Bipin Chandra Pal. The association’s goal was to counter the growing influence of the Indian National Congress and to affirm loyalty to the British government.