1. CPEC
2. JF-17 Fighter Jets: Air Force
3. Hangor class submarines: Navy
4. Shaheen and Babur Missiles: Army
5. Wing Loong II Armed Drones: Naval
6. Kashmir Pakistan–China: Taliban : China
7. Pakistan Helps China in “String of Pearls” strategy (Gwadar Port)
8. Nuclear Triad Risk
9. Diplomatic Backing
   • China shields Pakistan in UNSC/FATF
   • Blocks India’s NSG bids
   • Vetoes Kashmir resolution
10. SCO – RATS Non-implementable + Coexistent Membership of SCO
11. Two-Front War
12. CCIT not allowed

• India’s approach to Pakistan has often oscillated between optimism for peace and realism about security – Shiv Shankar Menon

Phases of India–Pakistan Relations:

1. Phase of Active Aggression (1947–2001)
2. Phase of Reconciliation (2001–2008)
3. Phase of Passive Bilateralism (2008–2014)
4. Phase of Renewed Aggression (2015–2024)

Phase of Active Aggression (1947–2001):

1. October 1947 War and Signing of Instrument of Accession by Maharaja Hari Singh
2. August 1965 War and Tashkent Agreement
3. December 1971: Bangladesh Liberation War and Simla Agreement (1972)
4. 1988: Testing of Nuclear Weapon capabilities by both sides
5. May 1999: Kargil War

Transcription of “Major Issues in India – Pak Relationship”

1. Border Issue
   • International border
   • Line of Control
   • Actual Ground Position Line
   • Sir Creek Boundary
2. Indus Water Treaty
3. Terrorism
4. Military Conflicts and Ceasefire Violations
5. Political and Diplomatic Relations
6. Economic and Trade Relations
   • MFN status of Pakistan revoked
7. Dysfunctional SAARC
8. China–Pakistan–Russia Axis
9. Afghanistan